T-cell Therapy Market By Type (CAR T-cell Therapy; Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL)-based; T Cell Receptor (TCR)-based); By Indication (Hematologic Malignancies (Leukemia; Lymphoma; Myeloma); Solid Tumors (Melanoma; Brain & Central Nervous System; Liver Cancer; Others); Others); By End-User (Hospitals; Cancer Treatment Centers); By Geography, Segment Revenue Estimation, Forecast, 2024–2032.

T-cell Therapy Market Size & Overview

The Global T-cell Therapy Market was valued at approximately USD 3.7 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 9.3 billion by 2030, growing at a robust CAGR of 15.6% during the forecast period. T-cell therapies including Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T), Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) & T-cell Receptor (TCR) therapies are rapidly transforming the landscape of cancer treatment by harnessing a patient’s own immune system to selectively target malignant cells.

 

According to the WHO, cancer remains a leading cause of mortality globally, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths in 2022, with hematologic malignancies contributing significantly to this burden. In response to rising incidence rates, the US FDA has approved multiple breakthrough T-cell therapies, including Kymriah, Yescarta, Tecartus & Abecma, which have demonstrated durable remissions in patients with relapsed or refractory cancers. The CDC also highlights the increasing prevalence of leukemia & lymphoma, especially among aging populations, further driving demand for personalized & effective immunotherapies. There are more than 600 clinical trials currently underway globally, including next-generation allogeneic & dual-targeted constructs. The T-cell therapy market is poised for significant clinical & commercial expansion during the forecast period.

 

T-cell Therapy Market Dynamics:

Market Drivers

Increasing Incidence of Hematologic Cancers & Solid Tumors

T-cell therapies, particularly CAR-T cell therapies, are revolutionizing cancer treatment by enabling personalized, immune-based intervention. According to the WHO, cancer remains the second leading cause of death globally, with over 20 Mn new cases in 2022, including approximately 1.3 million cases of blood cancers. Solid tumors account for approximately 90% of adult human cancers and can arise in various areas of the body, such as the breast, lungs, prostate, colon, skin (melanoma), bladder, and kidneys. Around 30% - 50% of cancers can be prevented by avoiding risk factors & implementing existing evidence-based prevention strategies. T-cell therapies such as Kymriah (Novartis) and Yescarta (Gilead/Kite Pharma) have shown durable remission in patients with relapsed or refractory lymphomas and leukemias, making them frontline options for difficult-to-treat cases.

Regulatory Approvals & Expanding Clinical Pipeline

The regulatory framework for CAR T-cell therapies is continually changing, with the US FDA creating specific guidelines required for their approval. The FDA approved the first CAR T-cell therapy for the treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in 2017. Since then the FDA & EMA have accelerated the market through multiple CAR-T and TCR-based therapy approvals, with over 600 T-cell therapy trials currently in various stages of development. With therapies now expanding beyond CD19 & BCMA targets, T-cell approaches are being developed for solid tumors like glioblastoma, pancreatic & ovarian cancers, signaling strong future demand and clinical utility across broader oncology indications.

 

Market Restraints

High Cost of Treatment and Infrastructure Barriers

T-cell therapies are among the most expensive treatments available, with list prices for commercial CAR-T therapies ranging between USD 375,000 to USD 475,000 per patient, excluding hospitalization and supportive care. Moreover, manufacturing and delivering autologous T-cell therapies require specialized GMP-grade facilities, cold-chain logistics, and highly skilled personnel, limiting scalability in low- and middle-income countries.

Risk of Severe Adverse Events

Despite their efficacy, T-cell therapies are associated with serious immune-mediated complications, including cytokine release syndrome (CRS) & neurotoxicity. Studies report that up to 70–90% of patients receiving CAR-T therapy experience some form of CRS, with 10–20% facing severe (grade 3 or higher) reactions. These risks demand rigorous post-infusion monitoring & can restrict broader adoption in outpatient or lower-acuity settings.

 

Market Opportunities

Rise of Allogeneic (“Off-the-Shelf”) T-cell Therapies

Compared to autologous CAR-T cell therapy, off-the-shelf universal CAR-T cell therapies offer several advantages, including rapid availability for patients, consistent quality ensured by industrial-scale production & the possibility of administering additional CAR-T cell infusions targeting different antigens. To overcome the limitations of autologous cell production, companies are investing in allogeneic CAR-T platforms, which use donor T-cells modified to prevent graft-versus-host disease. These off-the-shelf therapies reduce manufacturing time, cost & complexity, with clinical trials already underway in leukemia, lymphoma & solid tumors, offering scalability and wider access.

Expansion Beyond Oncology into Infectious & Autoimmune Diseases

CAR T cells are evolving rapidly & have reached their fifth generation. Numerous studies have investigated the use of CAR immunotherapy for treating non-oncological conditions, including autoimmune disorders & infections. Currently, CAR immunotherapy for autoimmune diseases is being explored in two main approaches: the first involves using CAR T cells to eliminate auto-reactive immune cells; the second focuses on employing CAR Tregs to suppress auto-reactive immune cells.

 

T-cell Therapy Market Segmentation: A Comprehensive Overview

By Type:

• CAR T-cell Therapy

• Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL)-based

• T Cell Receptor (TCR)-based

 

By Indication:

• Hematologic Malignancies

  • Leukemia

  • Lymphoma

  • Myeloma

• Solid Tumors

  • Melanoma

  • Brain & Central Nervous System

  • Liver Cancer

  • Others

• Others

 

By End-User:

• Hospitals

• Cancer Treatment Centers

 

By Region:

• North America

• Europe

• Asia Pacific

• Latin America

• Middle East & Africa

 

T-cell Therapy Market Segment Analysis: Growth Trends Across Categories

By Type:

Leading Segment: CAR T-cell Therapy

CAR T-cell therapy holds the largest market share in the T-cell therapy market, accounting for approximately 60% of the total market. CAR T-cell therapies are currently approved by the US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) for use in a number of diverse hematologic malignancies. It has gained significant attention for its ability to treat hematologic malignancies such as lymphoma & leukemia, especially after showing breakthrough results in clinical trials. The success of products like Kymriah® (tisagenlecleucel) & Yescarta® (axicabtagene ciloleucel) has solidified CAR T-cell therapy as the leading treatment modality for blood cancers.

Fastest-Growing Segment: Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL)-based Therapy

Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL)-based therapy is the fastest-growing segment in the T-cell therapy market, with a CAGR of 14.3%. Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) therapy has been approved by the U.S. FDA as a treatment option for advanced melanoma that has metastasized & remains unresponsive to other treatments. This approach involves isolating immune cells from a patient’s tumor & expanding them before reinfusion. This method is gaining momentum due to its promising results in treating solid tumors like melanoma & sarcoma. The increasing focus on personalized immunotherapies is fueling the growth of TIL-based treatments.

 

By Indication:

Leading Segment: Hematologic Malignancies

Hematologic malignancies, particularly lymphoma & leukemia, represent the leading indication for T-cell therapies, accounting for 65% of the market share. According to the American Cancer Society, approximately 185,840 individuals were diagnosed with hematologic malignancies in the US in 2020, including multiple myeloma and all forms of lymphomas & leukemias. As more products receive FDA approval & with continued research focusing on hematologic diseases, this segment is expected to remain the largest in the market.

Fastest-Growing Segment: Solid Tumors

Solid tumors represent the fastest-growing indication for T-cell therapies, with a projected CAGR of 16.2%. Solid tumors represent around 90% of adult human cancers. Although CAR T-cell therapy has shown remarkable results in hematologic malignancies, there is an increasing push to expand its use in treating solid tumors such as melanoma, brain tumors & liver cancer. Research in overcoming the challenges of targeting solid tumors with T-cell therapies is driving this growth.

 

By End-User:

Leading Segment: Hospitals

Hospitals are the largest end-user in the T-cell therapy market, holding about 70% of the market share. T-cell therapies, especially CAR T-cell therapy, are primarily administered in hospitals where the necessary infrastructure, skilled healthcare professionals & access to clinical trials are available. The increasing number of CAR T-cell therapy approvals & the adoption of new therapies in hospital settings are contributing to this market dominance.

Fastest-Growing Segment: Cancer Treatment Centers

Cancer treatment centers are the fastest-growing end-user segment, with a CAGR of 12.5%. As cancer centers increasingly specialize in innovative treatments like immunotherapies, they are becoming key players in delivering T-cell therapies, particularly in treating advanced & refractory cancers. The growing number of dedicated cancer treatment facilities & their focus on cutting-edge treatments are driving this growth.

 

By Region:

Leading Region: North America

North America holds the largest market share in the T-cell therapy market, accounting for 50% of the global market. This dominance is driven by the region’s robust healthcare infrastructure, high healthcare expenditure & early adoption of CAR T-cell therapies. The FDA’s approval of several CAR T-cell therapies, such as Kymriah® & Yescarta®, has further strengthened North America’s position as the leader in this market.

Fastest-Growing Region: Asia Pacific

The APAC region is the fastest-growing market for T-cell therapies, with a CAGR of 17.3%. The increasing prevalence of cancer, improvements in healthcare infrastructure, and growing investments in biotechnology are contributing to this rapid growth. Countries like China, Japan & India are witnessing a rise in clinical trials & an increasing focus on immunotherapies, which is expected to drive the market’s expansion in this region.

 

T-cell Therapy Market Report Coverage

Report Attribute	Details
Forecast Period	2024 – 2032
Market Size Value in 2024	USD 3.7 Billion
Revenue Forecast in 2030	USD 9.3 Billion
Overall Growth Rate	CAGR of 15.6% (2024 – 2030)
Base Year for Estimation	2023
Historical Data	2017 – 2021
Unit	USD Billion, CAGR (2024 – 2030)
Segmentation	By Type, By Indication, By End User, By Geography
By Type	CAR T-cell Therapy, Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL)-based, T Cell Receptor (TCR)-based
By Indication	Hematologic Malignancies (Leukemia, Lymphoma, Myeloma), Solid Tumors (Melanoma, Brain & Central Nervous System, Liver Cancer, Others), Others
By End User	Hospitals, Cancer Treatment Centers
By Region	North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East & Africa
Country Scope	US, Canada, Germany, China, India, etc.
Market Drivers	Advancements in cell-based immunotherapies, increasing prevalence of cancer, rising clinical approvals of T-cell therapies
Pricing and Purchase Options	Customized options available

 

Key Players in the T-cell Therapy Market

• Gilead Sciences, Inc.

• Novartis International AG

• Bristol-Myers Squibb Company

• Kite Pharma (a Gilead Company)

• Janssen Biotech, Inc. (Johnson & Johnson)

• Merck & Co., Inc.

• Amgen Inc.

• Celgene Corporation (now part of Bristol-Myers Squibb)

• AbbVie Inc.

• Adaptimmune Therapeutics plc

 

Future Outlook

The future outlook for the T-cell therapy market is highly promising, with continued rapid growth anticipated over the next several years. The increasing prevalence of cancer, particularly hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, is driving demand for advanced immunotherapies like CAR T-cell and TCR-based therapies. As more products receive regulatory approval & clinical data demonstrate the effectiveness of these therapies, the market is expected to expand significantly. The growing adoption of personalized medicine, combined with advances in genetic engineering & immune modulation, will continue to improve the efficacy & accessibility of T-cell therapies. Overcoming challenges associated with solid tumors & improving the cost-effectiveness of treatments are key focus areas that will fuel market growth. As the healthcare infrastructure improves globally, especially in emerging markets, the demand for innovative T-cell therapies will increase. North America will remain a key market player, but regions like Asia Pacific are poised for substantial growth due to increasing healthcare investments & clinical trials.